Welfare Policy During The Great Depression - 1439 Words

Welfare Policy has helped an abundance of people in America. Sometimes, unforeseen events occur and assistance is needed. Because of these troubling circumstances, the need for institution and development of welfare programs came about. The American Welfare Policy has good intent; it has helped millions of people through its time. Although, there are many that believe our Welfare Policy is in great need of reform and the abuse of the system must come to an end. Welfare policy made its formal debut in America in the late 1930s during the Great Depression. Though, before the Depression, there were several small programs that the United States government supported. When the depression hit, it crippled Americans. The proposed Welfare policy seemed perfect for getting them back on their feet. In 1935, Franklin Roosevelt created two programs that are still in place today: the unemployment compensation and Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC). Though now the AFDC has changed and taken a new name. The Welfare policy that was formally put into place lasted until the 1990s when individuals became concerned that some were abusing the system. They believed that some were having more children to qualify for more aid, staying unmarried, and just not applying for jobs. American’s were so concerned with the policy that they elected a president based on his proposal for a welfare system reformation. President Bill Clinton promised hope for Americans and their policy. His wellShow MoreRelatedGreat Depression Essays1347 Words   |  6 PagesThe Great Depression is probably one of the most misunderstood events in American history. It is routinely cited, as proof that unregulated capitalism is not the best in the world, and that only a massive welfare state, huge amounts of economic regulation, and other interventions can save capitalism from itself. The Great Depression had important consequences and was a devastating event in America, however many good policies and programs became available as a result of the great depression, someRead MoreConditions that Led to the Great Depression1551 Words   |  7 PagesQ2: There are multiple conditions that occurred in the US that aided in the economic downturn leading to the Great Depression. Prior to the stock market crash of 1929, a classical approach, advocated by Adam Smith, was how America felt its political and economic system functioned. Adam Smith’s classical approach is embedded in the conce pt of a laissez-faire economic market, which suggests that the US would thrive if left alone (lecture). This approach requires a noninterfering government and allowsRead MoreLife Of Canada During The Great Depression964 Words   |  4 Pages Life in Canada during the Great Depression Mr. Gurr CHC2D2 Quinton Cochran April 29, 2015 St. Andrew’s College Life for people during the Canadian Great Depression of the early 1930 s had the worst living conditions of any Canadians in the 20th century. No country was hit as severely as Canada due to its strong dependence on raw material, farm exports, and the aftermath of the Prairies drought. This left thousands of Canadians starving and often homeless, as the social and economicRead MoreThe Benefits of the New Deal Essay702 Words   |  3 Pageshad a very close relationship and in May 1939, Morgenthau ran into an issue. The Great Depression was beginning to worsen and he felt helpless talking with his fellow Democrats on the House Ways and Means Committee. 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These were two very different men, but they had their similarities. Both of these men brought their country’s out of an economic depression. The two were very impressive speakers. Hitler certainly had his â€Å"critics†, but so too did Franklin Roosevelt. Franklin Roosevelt started his first presidential term at the lowest point in the Great Depression. Roosevelt brought this country great relief from the Great Depression. He started with what isRead MoreHistory And Analysis Of Social Welfare1246 Words   |  5 PagesHistory and Analysis of Social Welfare From the colonialization of America to the present, social welfare has evolved tremendously. American values during each era helped determine how the poor were to be treated. Values such as Puritan work ethic, felt that if you were not working then you were immoral. Two other values that were prominent in American’s history are individualism and capitalism. Individualism is the belief that one can succeed without the help of others while the capitalistic viewRead MoreWelfare Of The United States Essay869 Words   |  4 PagesWelfare in the United States began in the 1800’s when the colonies imported British Poor Laws. Before the Great Depression began in America, the government was already supporting certain programs such as the Civil War Pension Program was that passed in 1862 that gave aid to Civil War Veterans and their families. Once the Great Depression hit, unemployment rose and President Franklin D. Roosevelt, enacted the Social Security Act in 1935. The act fo rmed a number of programs that provided aid to a widerRead More Power Shifts In Intergovernmental Relations: A Result Of Fiscal Feder835 Words   |  4 Pagesstates and localities to make or alter policies and legislation in accordance with its agenda. The manner in which the national government has wielded the influence of money throughout the history of the nation has continually altered intergovernmental relations. Since the Depression, fiscal federalism has caused the national government to dominate the states; recently, however, reforms have begun to return power to the states. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Policies and precedents of the New Deal centralizedRead MoreFranklin D. Roosevelt vs. Barack Obama755 Words   |  4 Pageshistory will cease to repeat itself. The political policies of Franklin Delano Roosevelt are often acknowledged for the relief of our country’s depression and some of which are still in effect today. To avoid our current recession, will Barack Obama choose to base his policies off of FDR’s in hopes that the same plan will work twice? There are some similarities and differences between the political action today and the action during the Great Depression. Within just the first 99 days of his election

ema b120 Essay - 1007 Words

The main reason for this is the radical changes put in place so rapidly with immediate effect. This resulted in lack of structure and consistency throughout the whole chain stores, as you gave each store manager to much autonomy to change the store i.e. decor, food menu etc., the business culture values as a whole was lost and that was what made the business a success before. I understand some changes had to be made but not so drastically. The loss of business culture and lack of dimension of structure had a lot negative effect in the business especially demographic and sociology factor wise as regular customers dislike the changes and constant change in staff router, the reason for this was staff/managers never has any incentive target to†¦show more content†¦These can take many forms, and would include the annual office party, employees and inner site completion (what does this mean?). (as mentioned before) Physical form: these include location, open plan or individual plan or individual office. Not relevant in a restaurant. Communication: Stories of notable events in the past tend to become part of the culture of the business and can influence behaviour explain how this relates to the case. A common language: jargon is common to many business. It is a convenient short hand form of communication, but is also effect behaviour. Disney employees are â€Å"cast crew† while McDonalds employee are â€Å"crew Members†. You have to be careful to hold on to the facts of the case, and not to go off at a tangent. Part 2 One of topics I found interesting through reading and taking part inShow MoreRelatedB120 EMA2566 Words   |  11 Pagesï » ¿B120 End-of-module assessment Question 1 a) In order to grow the business, I decided to complete a STEEP and SWOT analysis evaluating Bremont’s HRM, accounting and finance, and marketing functions. I used my analysis table to identify how the internal and external environmental factors relate to organization s competitive position in relation to its competitors. S(ociological) - greater numbers of low income groups, wider array of migrants from EU, inequality, geographic mobility, employmentRead MoreEssay on B120 Ema2383 Words   |  10 PagesQ. 1 a) In order to grow the business, I have completed a SWOT analysis table, looking at the headings of the HRM, accounting and finance and the marketing departments as all of the findings need to be taken into account when making any business decisions. Below I have shown my swot analysis table. This is used to ensure that I have taken all aspects of the business into account before I analyse where the strengths and weakness of the company lie. SWOT Analysis for SHP. (Second Hand Phones) Read MoreTMA 01 B100 introduction to buisness2060 Words   |  9 Pages B120 EMA EMA CONTENT Page No. Question 1 1 Question 2 2-4 Question 5 4-6 Question 1 Part (a) This analysis can be applied to Bremont as such, Strengths As far as marketing is concerned Bremont , have already cut out into the with the brand itself has already reaching international

Shakespeare Greatest Playwright of All Free Essays

William Shakespeare: Greatest Playwright of All William Shakespeare (1564-1616) was a British poet and playwright, he was well known as the greatest writer of all time, he was often called the â€Å"Bard of Avon†. Although many facts of his life remain unknown, his poems and plays are unique and have timeless theme that touch everyone’s heart, and are still widely studied and performed in today’s society. During the reign of Queen Elizabeth I, England enjoyed a time of prosperity and stability that led to a new era for England. We will write a custom essay sample on Shakespeare Greatest Playwright of All or any similar topic only for you Order Now Shakespeare’s works epitomize arts of the Elizabethan Epoch; through his uses of beautiful and poetic language, iambic pentameter is nearly always used in his style of poetry. Shakespeare wrote about timeless themes about the human nature surrounded themes of true love, revenge, power-lust, ambition, anger, war, etc, they are not only appealed to the people of Elizabethan England, but also provide a reference for life in his time for us to view the contemporary society. Shakespeare was born in Stratford-upon Avon in Warwickshire and was baptized on April 26, 1564. His father was a wool merchant and his mother was the daughter of a landowner. The next documented event was his marriage when he was 18 years old to Anne Hathaway who was 26 years old at that time, and they had three children. There was another gap where some scholars referred to as â€Å"the lost years†, then he was working in a theatre in London in 1592. Shakespeare wrote his very first play, Henry VI, Part One in 1589-90, and in  1590-91, Shakespeare wrote Henry VI, Part Two and Henry VI, Part III. Shakespeare’s poetry appeared before his plays, his narrative poems Venus and Adonis as his first ever publication in 1593. Then Shakespeare wrote plays began to be noticed by the public, and sooner became popular. During the Renaissance in Europe there was a great innovation of science; the Church had lost some of the corruptive power that once held over Europe, and people were again free to look back upon the pagan scholars and writers of Greece and Rome. Plays by playwrights such as Euripides, Plautus, and Seneca which were once banned by the Church were once again being read and performed. Likewise, the cultural stories of the people were once again being told in public, and playwrights, including Shakespeare, were widely performed. An good example would be Midsummer Night’s Dream, Shakespeare used ancient Celtic and Greek mythological figures such as Puck, Oberon, Theseus and placed them in a different time and place, but with their original characteristics. Other plays, such as Romeo and Juliet make references to popular mythological figures like Queen Mab to make the story fit better into their world. Since people of all classes attended plays, playwrights needed to use stories, characters and words that would appeal to everyone. England in the time before the reign of Elizabeth I was under a state of religious turmoil. When Elizabeth I ascended to the throne, she banned the performances all religious plays and stories (except in Church) to help stop the violence over religion. Popular plays were   not longer be performed, and playwrights were now free to concentrate on secular stories. They still contained some elements of religion, as did everyday life in Elizabethan England, but it was not the primary focus, nor did it play a particularly important part of the story. Conventions from Medieval religious theatre found its way into Elizabethan Theatre, however, and Shakespeare made good use of them during their performances, such as using the trap door for the gravediggers’ scene in Hamlet. The Hellmouth and trapdoor, which had been a staple of Medieval Theatres continued to be used, and were built into the permanent theatre structures used in the performances of Elizabethan plays. Shakespeare’s histories, such as Henry V, were a tribute to the Monarch and to the country. Many playwrights and other artists paid homage to their patrons, including Shakespeare. By writing about the glories of England and her former rulers he was paying homage to Queen Elizabeth and England. Since the arts were kept alive by patrons, it was best not to anger one and lose your support. Shakespeare sometimes, such as in Hamlet, criticized the Monarchy, but in a way that would not be obvious or outwardly treasonous. He spoke his mind, but also paid lip service to keep money coming from his patron. Shakespeare was a very prolific writer, because his writings are not totally original. He had help with many of his plays from other writers and actors, such as Christopher Marlowe (1564-1593), resulted people doubting that he himself wrote his plays. King Lear is based on a Celtic myth, and Hamlet is a retelling of earlier versions of the same story. Elizabethan plays use stock-type characters like those found in Comedia Del’Arte and Roman plays, and actors would specialize in specific types of roles. The English Renaissance Theatre played a significant part of Elizabethan theatre and Shakespeare’s playwright career. The theatre has a proscenium-arch stage, and seatings on hree tiers (stalls, circle and balcony). Shakespeare first worked for Lord Strange’s Men in The Rose, it is London’s most historic Elizabethan Theatre on Bankside and a home to many of Shakespeare’s and Marlowe’s first production. When the Globe was built, He worked for the Lord Chamberlain’s Men, and was also part owner of the Globe itself. People in Elizabethan England were very concerned with the humour, which was a form of medicine and psychology. Shakespeare makes references to them all over in his plays. Hamlet is portrayed as being to Melancholic, with his humours out of balance, and one was dominant over the others. This is not psychology as we know it today, and was why the people from Elizabethan Era believed people were the way they were. Shakespeare used this belief to make his characters not only believable, but also understandable to his audience. Shakespeare’s works are the greatest representation of art from Elizabethan England politically, economically, and socially. No other art form, including painting, could provide so much information about life in Elizabethan England, we can see the ideas, thoughts, languages, customs, etc throughout his plays. Shakespeare wrote 154 sonnets and 37 plays in total, including tragedy, comedy, and history. The Four Great Tragedies were his greatest achievement as a playwright, and are greatly studied in English literature, performed in theatre, and made into several films; include Romeo and Juliet (1594), the timeless tale of young lovers whose names were synonymous with star-crossed romance; Hamlet (1600), the revenge drama centering on the introspective Prince of Denmark; Othello (1604), a story of gallant soldier and loving husband was undone by jealousy ; and Macbeth (1605), known as â€Å"The Scottish Play†, concerning a nobleman’s overweening ambition. These plays focused on powerful central characters with outstanding personal qualities, and the antagonists were their own strengths,   their family, and the society, which would not allow then to get what they wanted. For example, Romeo and Juliet sought for true love, but they were forbidden to love each other because their families were  mortal enemies, and the story ended tragically where Romeo drugged himself and Juliet stabbed herself with a dagger. Audience of all times are   appalled at this paradox and at the inexorability of his characters’ fate in which because part of our human nature and the cruelty of our society, we don’t always get what we desired deeply. Other tragedies include Julius Caesar (1599), King Lear (1604), Timon of Athens (1607), etc. Comedies include  Merchant of Venice (1596),  Midsummer Night’s Dream 1595),  Twelfth Night (1599),  Two Gentlemen of Verona (1594), etc. History includes  Henry IV, Part I (1597),  Henry IV, Part II (1597),  Henry V (1598),  Henry VI, Part I (1591),  Henry VI, Part II (1590),  Henry VI, Part III (1590),  Henry VIII (1612),  Richard II (1595),  Richard III (1592), King John, etc. Iambic pentameter is meter that Shakespeare nearly used when writing in verse. The reason why Shakespeare’s works are always extraordinary is because most of his plays were written in iambic pentameter, except for lower-class characters who speak in prose. Iambic Pentameter has ten syllables in each line, five pairs of alternating unstressed and stressed syllables. Some examples of Shakespearean Iambic Pentameter is â€Å"Two households, both alike in dignity. â€Å", â€Å"In fair Verona, where we lay our scene. â€Å", â€Å"But, soft! what light through yonder window breaks? â€Å", etc. Shakespeare’s influence continued to impact the society today, his  plays are being performed constantly throughout the world. Every day, one of his plays is being performed somewhere, and probably more than one place. More than 410 feature-length film and TV versions of Shakespeare’s plays or adaption, have been produced, making Shakespeare the most filmed author ever in any language, including Romeo and Juliet (1968), Romeo+Juliet (1996), West Side Story (1961), Gnomeo and Juliet (2011), Othello (1965), Othello (1995), Macbeth (1948), The Tragedy of Macbeth (1971), etc. Some films used Shakespeare as a character, such as  Shakespeare in Love (1998) is a fictional love story about Shakespeare’s romance with a noblewoman, at the time of writing Romeo and Juliet. Many universities offer courses on Shakespeare, such as Shakespeare Studies MA from University of Birmingham, Shakespeare special subject courses from University of Cambridge, Shakespeare and Films from University of Notre Dame, Shakespeare Studies from Boston College, etc. How to cite Shakespeare Greatest Playwright of All, Essay examples

Foundations of Management Thought

Question: Write an essay about the diversity and diversity management. Answer: Abstract This essay is an extension of the previous essay on the topic of diversity and diversity management. In the first essay, I highlighted the effect of diversity on different organizations. I showed that institution either entirely benefits from it or lose from it. By review of the different literature, it revealed that organization and its performance are not affected by diversity. In this essay, I want to argue this topic further and show that organization is dependent on a variety of their activities and performance. For example Kaiser (2013), showed that organizational diversity structures create discrimination by dividing people into a high-status group and low under presented groups. But other research also gave solutions to dispel discrimination at the workplace. On the other hand, Stephen and Jiatao (2016) highlighted that international and product diversity affects the performance of multinational firms. Moreover Anne et al. (2013) stated that knowledge of different factors in diversity management is beneficial for team performance in increasing diversity workforce. According to Shung et al. (2012), they tested the team diversity in various team members of Chinese Company. It showed that group diversity positively influences creativity in an organization. Another study by Ayse (2012) demonstrated that diversity and diversity management in society. It explained that people can benefit from planned steps of diversity management. The response to the feedback of the first essay is that it was inconsistent on explanations of the effect of diversity in the organization. It did not give a clear idea about the effect of diversity. It was not proved by valid evidence. So in these essays, I want to correct the shortcomings of the first essay by giving precise tests and viewpoints on the topic by different authors. I will address the problem by using various data collected from the study from a different organization. I hope these essays will effectively cover the weakness of the first essay and fulfil the purpose of this essay. Therefore, this essay has an improved structure, accurate citation, proper referencing, a logical flow and consistent terminology. This section introduces diversity and it management in society. Diversity in a social context is defined as the identifiable difference in cultural backgrounds and lifestyle of people in the particular organization. Diversity can be classified in some ways like racial or ethnic diversity, gender, religion, intelligence, mental health, identifying, features, etc. Diversity management is the practice of addressing and supporting different lifestyles and different characters within a particular group or organizations. The different kind of management activities includes support and respect for race, culture, society, geography, economic and political background. Diversity management is the technique of adapting strategies and implementing best practises to create an inclusive workplace environment. A diverse group of people can be managed through efficient use different employee groups, mentoring and sponsorship by Diversity Councils and managing various suppliers. According to Diversit y Inc., they have assessed the success of diversity management through a collection of data on a variety of Companies in 14 year period. They analyzed top 50 Companies by a survey which is displayed daily as articles and case studies on The Web. It gives useful information about best practises within top 50 Companies. When people think about diversity, the first thing that comes to their mind is diversity related to race and gender. But diversity has much broader perspective. Diversity is also about different qualities of individual according to the difference in geographic location and culture. All this kind of diversity has an effect on performance, motivation and interaction with various people. Often organizations have to face challenges due to discriminatory institutional structure and practises. Managing a diverse group does not only means complying with legal and policy requirements, but it also means actively promoting community and comfort within a diverse group. Diversity is, in fact, beneficial to any group as it contributes richness and new skills as a whole. With the growth of diversity in workforce throughout the world, companies have adopted specific policies for enhancing recruitment, inclusion, promotion and retention of employees. Each country has their privileged groups like White Men in the Unites States and Protestant in Ireland and disadvantaged groups like lower caste in India and African immigrants in France. Legislation on equal rights has given a lower section of society access to more jobs and better involvement in the workplace. The aim of diversity management policy is to create a comfortable environment for those groups who suffered a lot in the past and had no lucrative job opportunities (Pieterse et al., 2013). According to cross-level interaction by Shin et al. (2012), they researched on the relationship between cognitive team diversity and individual member creativity. They tested how cognitive team diversity has the positive effect on individuals creativity. After observing 316 employees of 68 teams in a Chinese Company based on hierarchical linear modelling results, they found that self-efficacy of team members was the factor for moderation of relationship between team diversity and individual creativity (Kirton Greene, 2015). They found the relationship to be directly proportional to creative self-efficacy. Thus greater self-efficacy meant smooth handling of team diversity. A workforce with diverse groups can be managed only by transformation leadership. A transformational leader can create such a relationship that would give positive results to creativity only when transformational leadership is high (Shin et al., 2012). According to another literature review done on the role of team member orientation, factors influencing cultural diversity are of great importance. After completion and extension of earlier research, a theory was developed to test how different types of achievement influences goal orientation of team members (Ferraro Brody, 2015). They discovered that achievement setting activated both team member goal orientations as the well diversity-performance relationship. In two types of research, they identified that goal orientation is the factors for enhancing performance in a culturally diverse team (Gong et al., 2013). The more a group has elaborate information about team members the more they can benefit from it and directs their goal to the right way. A positive result is seen in the culturally diverse team when individual team members approach to learning is high. Such team has very low-performance avoidance tendency and they continuously look forward to enhancing their performance. T he practical result is delivered by elaboration of team information (Pieterse et al., 2013). According to research by Simons et al. (2010), he found out how different diversity variables and debate interacted to affect the financial performance of a company. In his study Simons et al. (2010) examined that in top companies managing team diversity, two aspects of Companies financial performance was affected by diversity variables and debate interaction. The assessed the extent to which comprehensive decision making brought useful interaction results. They collected detailed information from top management teams of 57 manufacturing companies and found that when job-related diversity interaction took place in debate among team members, it lead to better financial performance. But when there was less job-related diversity such diversity in age, such result was not found. Here also the comprehensive ability of decision making affected the performance of a diverse team (Simons et al., 2010). In some institutions, organizational diversity cause unnecessary division of team members into lower and higher class group and it results in discrimination. In of the research by Kaiser et al. (2013), they tested the hypothesis that presence of organizational diversity causes high-status members (White men) to think that under presented group (racial minority) got fair chance in the organization, but that was not the reality (Bauman et al., 2014). These lower group people subjected to unlawful activities and they become the disadvantaged group in such organizations. So the thinking that everyone gets a fair chance is just an illusion and not truth. This illusionary thinking of fairness causes the high-status group to become less sensitive to discrimination done on such individuals and they react very harshly on lower members group when they claim that they had been discriminated (Bhm et al., 2014). This hypothesis was supported by six experimental designs using four types of diversi ty structures like diversity policies, diversity training, diversity award and idiosyncratically generated diversity structures from participants' organizations. The study was done among two high-status groups by checking different types of discrimination such as discriminatory promotion practices, impact in hiring and wage discrimination. The impacts of all these experiments on organization diversity and employment discrimination law showed that under presented group suffers from low chances at a workplace (Kaiser et al., 2013). There were also efforts of eliminating discrimination by the implementation of identity management strategies in the organization. According to Shih et al. (2013), workplace discrimination still occurs despite efforts to eliminate it. In their study, they introduce two classes of identity management generally taken by individuals to mitigate the negative consequences of discrimination. One of the identity management strategies was identity switching which involved deemphasizing target identities and remodelling it to a positively valued identity. Another strategy was identity redefinition. It consists of reassociation and regeneration of stereotypes (Bjrnstad et al., 2013). They stressed that when organization adopt a colour-blind approach, it becomes even more difficult for individuals to switch identity. This is because policies deemphasize differences in social identities. In contrast, it was seen that when organizations adopt the multicultural approach, it difficult for people to redefine their identity. When this multi-cultural approach is applied superficially, it invites difference and culturally dominant stereotypes are reinforced. So it will be beneficial if individual adopt their strategy to combat discrimination in a diverse setting. Organization can also play a role by taking steps to reduce the need for identity management strategies and facilitating identity management when necessary (Shih et al., 2013). So diversity in the workforce can be efficiently managed by restructuring the organization to achieve team success. In this section, we will see interactive effects of network structure and artistic composition on team potency. It is regarded that emergence of centralized network enhances team performance. The different kind of structural changes is dependent on team composition of an organization. Instead of relying on previous perceptions, the network approach should be focussed on a patterned interaction between team members (Van et al., 2013). A well-structured network improves team performance as it facilitates adequate flow of resources (information, data, etc.) among team members. It creates a form of trust and cooperation in organizations where each member is willing to coordinate the actions of other team members (Erez et al., 2013). If any Company has some culturally diverse team, then more positive effects of network density are seen on team potency and team performance. I n the case of an organization with different team members, a higher level of network centralization is necessary. This is an appropriate step required for optimal team performance. Therefore, the success of the team is dependent on the interrelation between network structure and team composition (Trster et al., 2014). It can finally be summarized that the essay was based on the review of different literature from the topic diversity and diversity management. In this essay, I have linked the first essay on the same subject. The second essay is a kind of extension of the first article where I had addressed the shortcomings of the first piece and gave relevant information to cover up what was lacking in the first essay. The first essay highlighted that organisation either totally benefit or lose from diversity in the workplace. But in my second through valid evidence from other new literature, I have tried to show that organisation benefit from diversity in the work place. The only important thing is that how effectively organization restructures themselves to manage a culturally diverse team. The essay first explained the general aspects of diversity and diversity management. The study showed that how different variables affected the financial performance of a company. It is seen that diversity is p resent in almost all workplace but it is the response that organisation take to manage a diverse group that brings profit for the company. Through the review of the different literature, I highlighted problems of discrimination due to the perception by advantaged group that there is no unfair attitude towards the underprivileged group. But another literature found solutions to those problems and explained how organisations take steps to dispel them by identity management and redefining. Based on another research the whole problem on diverse work team was summarised using effective solution based on active restructuring of the organization. So on the whole the essay identified problems in diverse workforce and also gave solutions to the problem. Reference Bauman, C. W., Trawalter, S., Unzueta, M. M. (2014). Diverse according to whom? Racial group membership and concerns about discrimination shape diversity judgments.Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 0146167214543881. Bjrnstad, A. L., Fostervold, K. I., Post, P. U. (2013). Effects of cultural diversity on trust and its consequences for team processes and outcomes in ad hoc distributed teams.Scandinavian Journal of Organizational Psychology,5(1). Bhm, S. A., Dwertmann, D. J., Kunze, F., Michaelis, B., Parks, K. M., McDonald, D. P. (2014). Expanding insights on the diversity climateperformance link: The role of workgroup discrimination and group size.Human Resource Management,53(3), 379-402. Erez, M., Lisak, A., Harush, R., Glikson, E., Nouri, R., Shokef, E. (2013). Going global: Developing management students' cultural intelligence and global identity in culturally diverse virtual teams.Academy of Management Learning Education,12(3), 330-355. Ferraro, G., Brody, E. K. (2015).Cultural Dimension of Global Business. Routledge. Gong, Y., Kim, T. Y., Lee, D. R., Zhu, J. (2013). A multilevel model of team goal orientation, information exchange, and creativity.Academy of Management Journal,56(3), 827-851. Kaiser, C. R., Major, B., Jurcevic, I., Dover, T. L., Brady, L. M., Shapiro, J. R. (2013). Presumed fair: Ironic effects of organizational diversity structures.Journal of personality and social psychology,104(3), 504. Kirton, G., Greene, A. M. (2015).The dynamics of managing diversity: A critical approach. Routledge. Pieterse, A. N., Van Knippenberg, D., Van Dierendonck, D. (2013). Cultural diversity and team performance: The role of team member goal orientation.Academy of Management Journal,56(3), 782-804). Pieterse, A. N., Van Knippenberg, D., Van Dierendonck, D. (2013). Cultural diversity and team performance: The role of team member goal orientation.Academy of Management Journal,56(3), 782-804. Shih, M., Young, M. J., Bucher, A. (2013). Working to reduce the effects of discrimination: Identity management strategies in organizations.American Psychologist,68(3), 145. Shin, S. J., Kim, T. Y., Lee, J. Y., Bian, L. (2012). Cognitive team diversity and individual team member creativity: A cross-level interaction.Academy of Management Journal,55(1), 197-212.) Simons, T., Pelled, L. H., Smith, K. A. (2010). Making use of difference: Diversity, debate, and decision comprehensiveness in top management teams.Academy of management journal,42(6), 662-673). Trster, C., Mehra, A., van Knippenberg, D. (2014). Structuring for team success: The interactive effects of network structure and cultural diversity on team potency and performance.Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes,124(2), 245-255. Van Knippenberg, D., van Ginkel, W. P., Homan, A. C. (2013). Diversity mindsets and the performance of diverse teams.Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes,121(2), 183-193.